Julien Hudson, the second earliest known portraitist of African heritage to have worked in the United States, was a product of a very specific time and place: pre-Civil War New Orleans. Born January 9, 1811, Hudson was the son of a property-owning free woman of color and an English merchant. A French-speaking Catholic raised primarily by women, Hudson lived in a city where his racial ancestry and status as a free person of color left him forever straddling the line between freedom and slavery. Hudson s own story reveals the striking level of mobility available to some free people or, more specifically, native-born free men of color. Hudson took up his career in painting after a brief stint as a tailor's apprentice in the mid-1820s. In New Orleans he trained first with itinerant miniaturist Antonio Meucci and later with German painter Francois (Franz) Fleischbein, but he also took two trips to Paris, where he studied with well-known French painter Alexandre-Denis Abel de Pujol. Julien...

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