Air and water pollution blighted northern Mexican cities long before NAFTA was a glimmer on the political horizon. Not surprisingly, when NAFTA became a political reality, environmentalists reacted by arguing that commercial competition would weaken environmental standards in all three countries, and that industrial growth in Mexico would further damage its weak environmental infrastructure. NAFTA's huge success in expanding free trade has concentrated population and environmental abuse at the U.S.-Mexico border-where it is most visible to Americans. Many environmental groups blame NAFTA and, drawing on its experience, now oppose new trade initiatives. Does the NAFTA record on the environment since 1994 justify their criticism? In this seven-year analysis, the authors review NAFTA'S environmental provisions, including a side accord-the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the situation at the U.S.-Mexican border, and the trends in North American...

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