Multichain Immune Recognition Receptors (MIRRs) represent a family of surface receptors expressed on different cells of the hematopoetic system and function to transduce signals leading to a variety of biologic responses. These receptors share common structural features, including extracellular ligand-binding domains and intracellular signaling domains carried on separate subunits. Another important feature linking members of the MIRR family is the presence of one or more copies of a cytoplasmic structural module termed the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). ITAMs consist of conserved sequences of amino acids that contain two appropriately spaced tyrosines (YxxL/Ix6–8YxxL/I; where x denotes non-conserved residues). Following receptor engagement, phosphorylation of ITAM tyrosine residues represents one of the earliest events in the signaling cascade. Although the MIRR-mediated ligand-recognition and the MIRR-triggered signaling cascades are believed to be among the...

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