Orthodontic canine retraction is usually carried out by two methods. Retracting canines by sliding along a base wire (Frictional mechanics), Retracting the canine with a specially designed spring attached to it without any base arch wire for the canine to slide on (Friction less mechanics). Specialized springs for space closure are an integral part of the friction less mechanics. New knowledge concerning the bio mechanics, spring design and the development of new materials for fabrication has improved the biological response and patient acceptance.This book gives an in depth comparison of the two widely used loop retraction mechanics in orthodontics namely, the T loop and the Ni-Ti retraction spring.

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