High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Fourier optics is the study of classical optics using Fourier transforms and can be seen as the dual of the Huygens-Fresnel principle. In the latter case, the wave is regarded as a superposition of expanding spherical waves which radiate outward from actual (physically identifiable) current sources via a Green's function relationship (see Double-slit experiment). In Fourier optics, by contrast, the wave is regarded as a superposition of plane waves which are not related to any identifiable sources; instead they are the natural modes of the propagation medium itself. A curved phasefront may be synthesized from an infinite number of these "natural modes" i.e., from plane wave phasefronts oriented in different directions in space. Far from its sources, an expanding spherical wave is locally tangent to a planar phase front (a single plane wave out of the infinite spectrum), which is transverse to the radial direction of propagation. In this...

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