High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! °°°°Cholesterol-Dependent Cytolysins (CDC) are a family of ?-barrel pore-forming exotoxins that are secreted by Gram-positive bacteria. CDC are secreted as water-soluble monomers of 50-70 kDa, that once bound to the target cell, will form a circular homo-oligomeric complex containing up to 40 monomers, although it is possible that some may incorporate more monomers. Through multiple conformational changes, the ?-barrel transmembrane structure (~250? in diameter depending on the toxin) is formed and inserted into the target cell membrane. The presence of cholesterol in the target membrane is required for pore formation, though presence of cholesterol is not required by all CDC for binding. Intermedilysin (ILY) secreted by Streptococcus intermedius will bind only to target membranes containing a specific protein receptor, but cholesterol is required by intermedilysin (ILY) for pore formation. The lipid environment of cholesterol in the...

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