High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In neuroscience, synaptic pruning, neuronal pruning or axon pruning refer to neurological regulatory processes, which facilitate a change in neural structure by reducing the overall number of neurons or connections, leaving more efficient synaptic configurations. Pruning is a neurological regulatory process that is a general feature of mammalian neurological development. Pruning starts near the time of birth and is completed by the time of sexual maturation in humans. At birth, the human brain consists of approximately 10 billion neurons.The infant brain will increase in size by a factor of up to 5 by adulthood. Two factors contribute to this growth: the growth of synaptic connections between neurons, and the myelination of nerve fibers. Generally, the number of neurons in the cortex increases until adolescence reflecting a growth of synapses. A decrease in synapses is seen after adolescence reflecting synaptic pruning, and approximately 50%...

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