The musical interval is a fundamental element of music, and the consonance and dissonance produced by musical intervals establish the structural foundations of harmony and counterpoint. To explain the consonance and dissonance of musical intervals, numerous theories have been proposed; the consensus of these theories is that the acoustic features of musical intervals contribute to sensory consonance. However, as a mediator of acoustic information, the role of the human auditory system on sensory consonance has rarely been examined. The main question of this dissertation is how the neural properties of the auditory system, including inherent subcortical nonlinearity and plasticity, modulate the neural representation of the musical interval. To examine this question, this dissertation measured human auditory brainstem responses to musical intervals with varying degrees of consonance and dissonance and compared brainstem responses between musicians and non-musicians. This dissertation...

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